MALFORMATIONS OF THE PENIS

• ABNORMAL LOCATION OF URETHRAL ORIFICE ALONG PENILE SHAFT

  • HYPOSPADIAS (VENTRAL ASPECT)
    • MOST COMMON (1/300 LIVE MALE BIRTHS)
  • EPISPADIAS (DORSAL ASPECT)
  • MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER GENITAL ABNORMALITIES
    • INGUINAL HERNIAS
    • UNDESCENDED TESTES
  • CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES
    • CONSTRICTION OF ORIFICE
    • URINARY TRACT OBSTRUCTION
    • URINARY TRACT INFECTION
    • IMPAIRED REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION

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